Agudbinwaa qayb elektaroonik ah oo adeegsata mabaadi'da elektromagnetic ama saamaynta jireed ee kale si loo gaaro "damida ama daminta" wareegyada. Shaqadeeda udub dhexaad u ah waa in ay xakamayso off-ka ee wareegyada waaweyn ee hadda jira/sare ee leh hadda / calaamado yaryar, iyada oo sidoo kale la gaarayo go'doominta korantada ee u dhaxaysa wareegyada si loo hubiyo badbaadada dhamaadka xakamaynta.

Shaqadeeda ugu muhiimsan waxaa loo kala saari karaa saddex qaybood:

1. Xakamaynta iyo Kordhinta: Waxay u rogi kartaa calaamadaha xakamaynta daciifka ah (sida milliampere-level currents soo saarista microcomputer hal-chip microcomputer iyo sensors) oo u rogi kara qulqulo xooggan oo ku filan in lagu kaxeeyo qalabka awoodda sare leh (sida matoorada iyo kuleyliyeyaasha), oo u shaqeynaya sida "amplifier signal". Tusaale ahaan, guryaha smart, calaamadaha korantada ee yar yar ee ay soo diraan abka talefanka gacanta waxa lagu xakamayn karaa relays si loo shido loogana damiyo awooda qaboojiyaha guriga iyo nalalka.

2. Go'doominta korantada: Ma jiro xiriir toos ah oo koronto oo u dhexeeya wareegga kontoroolka (koronta yar, hadda yar) iyo wareegga kontoroolka (koronta sare, hadda weyn). Tilmaamaha xakamaynta waxaa lagu kala qaadaa oo kaliya iyada oo loo marayo calaamadaha korantada ama indhaha si looga hortago in danab sare uu galo terminalka kantaroolka oo uu waxyeelo u geysto qalabka ama khatar geliyo badbaadada shaqaalaha. Tan waxaa badanaa laga helaa wareegyada kantaroolka ee qalabka mashiinka warshadaha iyo qalabka korontada.

3. Logic iyo Ilaalinta: Waxaa la isku dari karaa si loo hirgeliyo macquulka wareegga adag, sida isdhexgalka (ka hortagga laba matoor oo isku mar ah) iyo dib u dhigista xakamaynta (dib u dhigista isku xirka culeyska wakhti go'an ka dib markii la shiday). Qaar ka mid ah dib-u-dhigis go'an (sida relaysyada xad dhaafka ah iyo kulaylka badan) ayaa sidoo kale la socon kara cilladaha wareegga. Marka hadda uu aad u weyn yahay ama heerkulku aad u sarreeyo, waxay si toos ah u jari doonaan wareegga si ay uga ilaaliyaan qalabka korontada waxyeellada xad dhaafka ah.